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Course Instructor: Ashish Revar

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Fundamentals of Malware Analysis
LearnREMAUnit 27

Topic 2.7 of Fundamentals of Malware Analysis

Process Memory Layout

How Windows arranges a process in virtual memory — stack growth direction, heap allocation, PE section mapping, and how to interpret register values and EIP location in a debugger.

~25 min total·4 quadrants of structured content

By the end of this topic, you will

  • Sketch the virtual memory layout of a 32-bit Windows process with correct address ranges
  • Explain stack growth direction and trace a PUSH/POP sequence through ESP changes
  • Read a stack frame layout and locate return address, saved EBP, and local variables
  • Explain why VirtualAlloc with PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE is a strong malware indicator
  • Compare stack and heap on growth direction, lifetime, speed, and abuse pattern
  • Interpret EIP location in a debugger to detect code injection
Q1 · E-TUTORIAL (3)Q2 · E-CONTENT (1)Q3 · WEB RESOURCES (7)Q4 · SELF-ASSESSMENT (2)

Quadrant 1 · e-Tutorial

Video lectures and walkthroughs

Quick Bite

Quadrant 2 · e-Content

Articles and case studies

Education

Process Memory Layout

How Windows arranges a process in virtual memory — the stack, heap, PE sections, and kernel space — and why understanding this layout is essential for interpreting debugger output and recognising exploitation patterns.

15 min read

Quadrant 3 · Web Resources

Downloadable material and curated external links

Downloadable reference material

EBook

REMA eBook 2026

v1.0

Open resource

Cheatsheet

REMA Cheatsheet 2026

v1.0

Open resource

MCQ Bank

REMA MCQ Bank 2026

v1.0

Open resource

Question Bank

REMA Question Bank 2026

v1.0

Open resource

Featured Podcast

Podcast Episode

Malware Blueprints in Portable Executable Headers

A deep dive into the Portable Executable (PE) structure used by Windows binaries — how analysts decode executable metadata to uncover malicious intent, compiler behaviour, packing indicators, and execution flow.

Listen now

External links

Process Hacker — Memory Map View

Free process monitor. Open any process → Memory tab to see the full virtual memory map with regions, permissions, and mapped files.

x64dbg — Memory Map Panel

In x64dbg: View → Memory Map shows all allocated regions with permissions. RWX regions outside known modules are immediate red flags.

Quadrant 4 · Self-Assessment

Test your knowledge — earn a certificate on first pass

Fundamentals of Malware Analysis

Covers the analysis environment, PE file structure, static property examination, behavioural analysis, and dynamic code analysis of Windows executables.

20 questions30 minPass: 60%

REMA Complete Assessment

A comprehensive 120-question assessment covering the entire Reverse Engineering and Malware Analysis curriculum: malware taxonomy and reverse engineering fundamentals, static and dynamic analysis, reversing malicious code, malicious web and document files, in-depth analysis of packed and fileless malware, and self-defending malware techniques.

120 questions90 minPass: 60%