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Unit 6 of Cloud
Digital forensics in cloud environments: introduction to cloud forensics, crimes associated with cloud services, forensic challenges in distributed and ephemeral environments, reviewing cloud trail logs, data collection and analysis techniques, and investigating cloud storage services (Dropbox, Google Drive).
Learning outcomes
Why cloud forensics differs from traditional forensics, the three-dimensional model, three roles of cloud in crime, and RFC 3227 evidence order.
CloudTrail event anatomy, high-value forensic patterns, Athena queries, log integrity validation, and chain of custody.
Client-side artifacts for Dropbox and Google Drive on Windows, enterprise API investigation, and legal considerations.
Cloud anti-forensic techniques, structural defences, forensic report structure, BSA 2023 Section 63 certificate, and professional obligations.
20 multiple-choice questions on cloud forensics and incident response.
Amazon Athena for SQL-based CloudTrail forensics, OpenSearch for real-time investigation, Splunk for enterprise SOC environments, and comparison across forensic use cases.
RFC 3227 volatility order adapted for cloud, live memory acquisition with LiME via SSM, network state capture, EBS snapshots before isolation, container evidence, and auto-scaling group protection.
Cloud-based malware sandbox architecture, static and dynamic analysis of container images and Lambda packages, YARA rules for cloud-specific malware, and GuardDuty Malware Protection.
BSA 2023 Section 63 certificate requirements, Section 65B transition, BNSS 2023 production orders, the six-section forensic report structure, and expert witness obligations in Indian proceedings.
